Facebook is now peering directly with Indian ISPs from a point of presence (POP) in India, as first noted by Anurag Bhatia. GPX Mumbai, a private peering point and datacenter in India, is where Facebook has established the POP. As a result, any ISP that chooses to peer with GPX will be able to serve Facebook data directly from an Indian Internet exchange. So far, GPX Mumbai seems to be peered with large Internet companies like Amazon, Google, and recently Netflix, which also peered with the public Mumbai Internet Exchange earlier this month. GPX Mumbai also seems to be peered with ISPs like Spectranet and Jio. EDIT: This does not necessarily mean that these ISPs are peered directly with the Internet companies; a commenter pointed out that GPX is a datacenter and not a 'peering fabric' like Internet exchanges. Without peering to Mumbai, most Indian ISPs would pull Facebook traffic from Internet exchanges in Singapore, which is odd considering the large amount of traffic that Facebook probably delivers to Indian users. Since the peering arrangement with GPX is private, the capacity of the connection (in Gbps) has not been disclosed. "If you are an ISP in India, you can start peering with Facebook right away!" Bhatia said in his blog post where he noted the development. Peering and Content Delivery Networks are a subject of discussion in TRAI's ongoing net neutrality consultation. ISPs and Internet companies (like Netflix and Akamai) have asked the regulator to avoid regulating peering arrangements and CDNs, since these…
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